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| PRODUCT DATA of Sapphire |
| Material | Sapphire |
| Product Datasheet | technical ceramics |
| General Information | Sapphire is not only highly transparent to wavelengths of light between 150 nm (UV) and 5500 nm (IR) (the human eye can discern wavelengths from about 380 nm to 750 nm[50]), but is also extraordinarily scratch-resistant.
See also ruby, while properties are very similar |
| Use in Spacecraft | optical windows or covers |
| Product Type | sapphire glass, wafers, substrates |
| Chemical Composition | single crystal Al2O3 |
| PHYSICAL PROPERTIES |
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| Specific Gravity | 3.98 |
| ELASTIC PROPERTIES |
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| Tensile Modulus | 345 GPa |
| Shear Modulus | 145 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus | 250 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.29 |
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES |
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| Hardness | 9 Mohr |
| ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES |
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| Electrical Volume Resistivity | 10e16 ohm.m |
| Dielectric Constant | 9.4 |
| Dielectric Strength | 17 kV/mm |
| Dissipation Factor | 10^-4 tanδ |
| THERMAL PROPERTIES |
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| Thermal Conductivity | 23 W/m.K @RT |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 5.3 10-6 m/(m K) |
| Specific Heat | 0.756 J/g.K @RT |
| Melting Range | 2040 °C |
| OPTICAL PROPERTIES |
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| Thermal Emittance | 0.48 |